The Spring Theory- Can it be this simple?

It often happens in science that we tend to justify certain phenomena and find logic through complex justifications even though the actual reasoning is quite simple! For many years now, dark energy has been a mystery in the scientific world, because of its repulsive powers. While investigating the mystery of dark energy, I have come up with a theory called the Spring Theory, in which I try to simplify this concept of dark energy and provide a theoretical explanation for it.

According to this theory of mine, the spacetime fabric has spring-like properties. Then, before the Big Bang, it was all compressed into one small particle just like a compressed spring. Now, as soon as the particle “banged” the fabric, just like a compressed spring, started accelerating. If the motion of a spring is observed, it is seen that a particle attached to a spring accelerates till the spring has reached its natural length and after that, the particle begins to decelerate. Similarly, the expansion of fabric is accelerating at present, meaning to say, that the fabric has still not reached its natural length. Thus, according to the Spring Theory, since we are comparing the spacetime fabric to a spring, then Dark Energy is nothing but the potential energy of the spring, something very less mysterious than the Dark Energy itself.

The theory also proposes, though indirectly, the fact that the Universe will have a center. This is contrary to popular belief. But, what should we understood is that the Universe is said to have no center just because every particle is moving away from every other particle. Meaning to say, if you choose any point in this Universe, you will observe that all the other points are moving away from it. Hence, every point in the universe acts as a center of expansion. But, if we proceed by the explanation of expansion that my theory proposes, the same fact is observed.

Now let us talk about what the theory will imply. The theory implies that the universe is undergoing accelerated expansion till the time the spacetime fabric reaches its natural length, after which it will undergo decelerated expansion finally coming to rest with a certain maximum radius. Then the universe will begin to contract, just like a stretched spring, and will soon end up in a small particle, from where it started. Another major phenomena explained by the theory is the drifting away of Earth from Sun, the Moon from Earth, and so on. If the spacetime fabric is expanding, the curvature made by celestial bodies will increase with time, hence decreasing their gravitational pull. This will directly result in the decrease in gravitational pull of all celestial bodies, the Sun, the Moon, the Earth, etc. and hence they will gradually drift away from each other.

The Spring Theory is just a hypothesis which I formulated to simplify the concept of Dark Energy, and is nowhere near proven. But, it does give us a different perspective towards explaining the mysterious phenomenon of this ever-so-mysterious Universe. But, what does this theory suggest about the even-more-mysterious black holes? We will see in the next post!!

The CAUSE of Big Bang- WHY it all started?

Yeah, I know, I am breaking the rule here. I did say one post every month, but I will be a bit busy in March due to my exams, and also that I am too enthusiastic to share this theory of mine with you all, so here is the second post of this month! As usual, I ended my last post with a question: We all know what happened after the Big Bang, but no one has ever tried to explain WHY did the Big Bang happen? So, I aim to answer the question in this post. But before I start, let us get some basics clear.

Ordinary form of matter, like table, chair, your computer, you, the stars, the planets, etc. is an absolute minority in what comprises this vast universe. The universe is said to be composed majorly of some mysterious matter and energy, rightly called the dark matter and dark energy. 

Source: http://wmap.gsfc.nasa.gov/media/121236/121236_NewPieCharts720.png

A brief introduction: Scientists observed that galaxies move with way more speed than that should be possible due to their present mass. Thus, they concluded that there must be some "missing mass" which they are not able to see or detect, but it has its gravitational influence! They called this "missing mass" dark matter. On the other hand, earlier scientists believed that the universe must be contracting due to the gravitational attractions of massive bodies. But, the Hubble Telescope provided information that contradicted it. The information (not going into what the information exactly was) proved that the universe was indeed expanding! Now scientists were in a fix! Thus, they concluded, yet again, that there must be some mysterious energy that is repelling bodies and is enabling the universe to expand. With no clue of what it is, they called it dark energy!   

Now, dark matter and dark energy are entirely invisible. They do not interact with any form of known matter, though the gravitational effect of dark matter is felt and "gravitational lensing" is an example of its visible effects. "Gravitational lensing" is nothing but bending of light due to gravitational effect of dark matter. The first picture shows what causes gravitational lensing and the second picture shows its effect. The arcs you see are because of gravitational lensing.Dark matter is attractive in nature and dark energy is repulsive, and that is all that we know about them. One more thing, there are millions of dark matter particles going past us, through us, through the walls, through the earth, every second, and we just don't feel them, again because they do not interact with anything!

Having talked about dark energy and dark matter and having substantial knowledge about them, I could still not figure out what they actually are! And then, an idea struck me. And then, as I developed that idea, and I found a way to tell about the cause of Big Bang while explaining the known properties of dark matter and dark energy at the same time.

Dark Energy and Dark Matter, I think, are multi-dimensional matter, i.e. like we humans are 3 dimensional beings, dark energy and dark matter may be nothing else but matter which is more than 3 dimensional and hence it cannot be perceived easily by us, due to the different kind of energy that it possesses, though its effect can be felt. 

I hypothesize that before the BIG BANG, a particle existed which itself was made of multiple dimensions. Its constituents were dark matter and dark energy, i.e. multi-dimensional form of matter. To simplify, like we humans being 3 dimensional can be considered to be made of 3 dimensional particles, which themselves are made of 2 dimensional particles and which are made of 1 dimensional particles, similarly, that starting particle, which was multi-dimensional, was made of particles of different dimensions which we now know as dark energy and dark matter.  

Source: http://prancer.physics.louisville.edu/

The picture evidently shows how dark energy has evolved at a greater rate than dark matter during the evolution of the universe. Similarly, inside that starting particle, initially, dark matter was in majority and hence it held the starting particle firmly. But, later, as the dark energy began evolving in greater amounts, it started to counter the force by dark matter and tried to expand the particle. At an instant, dark energy had evolved to such great extent that it could have expanded the particle, but the dark matter still held the particle firmly. And hence, there occurred a BANG, where the starting multi-dimensional particle disintegrated into many other particles of simpler but varied dimensions, i.e. 1D, 2D, 3D, 4D, etc. among which 3D constitutes only a small part of the universe. Thus, except us 3D beings, there exist various forms of matter in varying dimensions. Due to their higher dimensions, they cannot be perceived by us but surely exert their share of gravitational force. This itself we call dark matter and dark energy!

Also, remembering the conclusion I had made in my first post: An object experiences a force when its energy interacts with that of the agent. Dark energy and dark matter, being multi-dimensional, have energy which cannot interact with that of light, due to the difference in the cause of their energies. Hence, due to no interaction, no reflection of light takes place when light passes through them, and hence, dark energy and dark matter are invisible, though, bending of light can occur due to the gravitational effect of this form of matter. 

The String Theory talks about how our universe may not be three-dimensional, i.e. how we see it to be, but it indeed may be 10-Dimensional hyperspace, while the M-Theory talks about 11-Dimensional hyperspace. This proposal is a result of the mathematical conclusions derived in the theories. While speculating about our origin and its cause, this theory faintly approves of the idea of multi-dimensional hyperspace. Though the String Theory is yet to be proven, it indeed is extremely intriguing and creative! 

It all fits, doesn't it? But again, this is just a hypothesis based on an idea that struck me and may very well be far from reality! Dark Matter and Dark Energy may not even exist! It is even a possibility that they are composed of a new fundamental particle which is still missing from our Standard Model. What can that be? A special particle, with what properties? We will see in my next post!